Mechanism of rock breakage while release of explosives energy upon detonation and other relevant points are discussed below. Okubo encyclopedia of life support systems eolss figure 2. Building the appropriate policy means it needs to be process driven, not people driven. Guidelines for open pit slope design by read, john ebook. Which cut is used for solid blasting in indian coal mines wedge cut. Advanced open pit planning and design 2014for nicicofinaldraft.
Airblast and ground vibration monitoring at chimiwungo pit. Bench blasting in open pit operations are classified according to their purpose. The sarcheshmeh pit is oval shaped, about 3000m long by 1800m wide. Electronically transfer data, respond to changes in realtime, and generate reconciliation reports. Effective slope design relies on the estimation of rock mass strength. Blasting principle in open pit mining rar hustrulid pdf.
Open cast mine planning factors that influence planning. The influence of slope design has an overriding effect on the economics of an open pit mine. Use of tungsten carbide bits began in mining in sweden. Drilling and blasting are the two most significant operations in open pit mines that play a crucial role in downstream stages. Openpit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Because of the wjcp requirement increasing with the hole diameter it is to be expected to see machines of vastly different weight capability for drilling rotary blast. Open cast mineral resources are quoted as insitu tonnages and mineral reserves are tonnages falling within an economic pitshell. Blast plans are mandatory to ensure that blasts can be. Created as an outcome of the large open pit lop project, an international research and technology transfer project on rock slope stability in open pit mines, this book provides an uptodate compendium of knowledge of the slope design processes that should be followed and the tools that are.
Umpg publishing, ascap, emi music publishing, solar music rights management. It can cause instability of mine walls, falling down of machinery, improper fragmentation, reduced efficiency of drilling, etc. The hoekbrown strength criteria is a widely adopted approach. Controlling fume movement following the blast is not possible and the pit will remain closed until the all clear is established. Divided into two volumes, this accessible work describes the principles involved in hard rock blasting as applied to open pit mines. Optimization of drilling and blasting operations in an. Rock blasting in quarries is mostly similar to that in open pit mines, so the principles in open pit blasts are applicable in quarries. When an explosive charge is detonated, chemical reaction occur which, very rapidly changes the solid or liquid explosive. Blasting principles for open pit mining by william hustrulid blasting. History of explosives and blasting mining engineer first. Open pit mines are those mining operations that take place on the surface, unlike the underground mines. The technology exists to reduce analysis time and build sufficient models to accurately predict rock fragmentation. Pdf application of blast damage when modelling open pit.
Backbreak is an undesirable phenomenon in blasting operations. It began to be realized in the middle of the xvi century and it. Technologies for optimizing drilling and blasting in open. The mention herein, of the technologies, companies, or any brand names, does not constitute endorsement by the u. Optimization of drilling and blasting operations in an open pit mine. Presplit blasting presplit blasting is an effective technique for stabilizing the final wall in open pit metal mines. Disclaimer the technologies described in the module are for information purposes only. Open pit mining is used to extract ore in rock bodies that are at or close to the surface. Techniques of controlled blasting linkedin slideshare. In order to implement an adaptive blast design strategy for open pit mines, two problems must first be solved. Techniques of controlled blasting by partha d sharma issuu. Optimization of blasting design parameters on open pit bench a. The present study is intended to develop the economic assessment and mine production. In order to opti mize the drilling operation, the time taken by two drilling machines to accomplish the.
Shotplu the situation previous blasting practices at batu hijau required sequential firing of production and trim shots to. The first volume introduces basic engineering concepts and the building blocks that make up a blast design. Figure 84 typical bench cut with two free faces and fired with one delay per row. A large scale open pit mine was startedup, by the national iranian copper industries co. Copy the files to the relevant folders in jksimblast, replace any existing files. Drilling and blasting operations inside the site, to support excavations of the open pits. Mining engineering interview questions with answers pdf free download. Change in production and productivity of us coal mines the higher productivity for open pit mining equipment also lowers costs.
A lot of methods are adopted to exploit the valuable economic mineral resources through open cast mining or underground mining methods. Maciej bodlak1,dominik dmytryk2, piotr mertuszka3, marcin szumny3. If your file associations are set up correctly, the application thats meant to open your. The placer granny smith sunrise dam open cut gold mine is located near laverton, wa. Open cast mineral resources are quoted as insitu tonnages and mineral reserves are tonnages falling within an economic pit shell. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Drilling, blasting, open pit, fragmentation, kuzram model. By definition, bench blasting is blasting in a vertical or subvertical hole or a row of holes towards a free vertical surface. This results in an air cushion effect, which prevents overbreak and reduces insitu. Guidelines for open pit slope design is a comprehensive account of the open pit slope design process. By definition, bench blasting is blasting in a vertical or sub vertical hole or a row of holes towards a free vertical surface.
Special blasting technique free download as powerpoint presentation. Calvin konya march 1 to march 3, 2016 the academy of blasting and explosive technology abet course on open pit and surface blasting registration will be closing soon. Blasting is the pillar of open pit mining and is directly influenced by many factors, both in design and terrain, and can influence much of the ultimate mine design and cost realization. This book addresses the challenge of optimising the design of blasts for open pit mines and quarries. These operations not only affect the cost of production directly but as well and significantly, the. Line drilling, trim cushion blasting, smooth contour or perimeter blasting, presplitting, selecting and employing various parameters of blast design, using modern technology, precise and accurate timing delays, muffle blasting at critical and congested areas. Bench blasting is a common blast technique most often used for open pit mines. By definition, bench blasting is blasting in a vertical or subvertical hole or a row of holes towar ds a free. The second volume goes into more depth to provide a better understanding of the. Datablast is a multiuser system covering the entire open pit drill and blast process from design to infield operations. The evaluation method is generally ordinary kriging with mining block sizes ranging from 10 x 10m to 100 x 100m to 250 x 250m in the plan view.
Blasters training modules module 4 blasthole drilling. While previous research has focused on optimizing these operations as two separate parts or merely in a specific parameter, this paper proposes a system dynamic model sdm for drilling and blasting operations as an interactive system. Open pit mine planning and design william a hustrulid. Click download or read online button to get blasting principles for open pit mining book now. Permitted explosives are safe to use because special chemical are used to extinguish the spark produced during blasting. Blasting principles for open pit mining download ebook. Burden is the distance between distance between first row of blast holes. The influence of drilling process automation on improvement of. It presents a practical approach to the design and assessment of blasts, and demonstrates how blasting operations can be engineered not only to solve classic blasting problems, but also to optimise blasting. Blasting principles for open pit mining, set of 2 volumes. Openpit, opencast or open cut mining is a surface mining technique of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit or borrow this form of mining differs from extractive methods that require tunnelling into the earth, such as long wall mining.
Unesco eolss sample chapters civil engineering vol. Following are the techniques of controlled blasting. This is possible when the reservoir sprouts on the surface or at a very small depth. Fragmentation and shape of muckpile as a function of type of cut. The influence of earthquakes on openpit slope stability. The water desensitises a proportion of the fuel, upsetting the oxygen balance and resulting in the production of nitrous oxides. The existence of various effective parameters and their unknown relationships are the main reasons for inaccuracy of the empirical models. The composition of explosives is balanced chemically to produce the desired effects in blasting. Break it better mine blast fragmentation international. Presently, the application of new approaches such as artificial. Its possible you may need to download or purchase the correct application. However application of it leads to sufficient strong overstating of safety factor and ignores existing information about influence of relative small but longstanding oscillations from far earthquakes on the slopes stability, for instance 11.
The latter technique has become the most widely used in metal open pit mines, due to good results and its operational nature in hard rock formation. Adaptive blast design means that the blast design can be modified in real time, by changing hole pat terns or the type and amount of explosive, based on newly acquired information about the rock mass. Identify trends and improve blasting performance over time. Department of the interiors office of surface mining. Drilling and blasting play vital roles in opencast mining. Blasting principles for open pit mining vol william hustrulidpdf ebook download as pdf file pdf, text file txt or read book online scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site a gas pressurebased drift round blast design methodo. Optimized design of drilling and blasting operations in. Ground control in open pit mines mining and blasting. A large number of examples illustrate the application of the principles. This paper analyses the drilling and blasting problems of ghana national manganese corporation gnmc, nsuta, and presents an effective. In open pit mining where rock is hard such that,it requires drilling and blasting techniques to be applied for it to be mineable, the overall costeffectiveness of the. Bench blasting is a common blast technique m ost often used for open pit mines. Operation of lightand heavy vehicles for transportation of personnel, materials and equipment within the site. Mining of the sunrise orebody began in 1995 and is currently mining in fresh volcanics and banded iron formations.
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